Monday, October 8, 2012

Simple RMI and RMI with Spring


RMI (=Remote Method Invocation)

The basic structure of an RMI-based method call involves a client, a server and a registry. To make a call to a remote object, the client first looks up the object it wishes to invoke a method on in the registry. The registry returns a reference to the object (assuming it exists) on the server, which the client can use to invoke any methods that the remote object implements.

Step1 : HelloInterface.java
import java.rmi.Remote;
import java.rmi.RemoteException;

public interface HelloInterface extends Remote {
  public String say() throws RemoteException;
}


Step 2: Hello.java

import java.rmi.*;
import java.rmi.server.*;

public class Hello extends UnicastRemoteObject
 implements HelloInterface {
  private String message;
  public Hello (String msg) throws RemoteException {
  message = msg;
  }
  public String say() throws RemoteException {
  return message;
  }
}


Step3.Compile the above two Source file named HelloInterface.java and Hello.java.

Step4.After compiling the above two classes type the following command i.e-  "rmic Hello" in console
> rmic Hello

By running the "rmic Hello" command a new class will be created i.e "Hello_Stub.class" in the directory.

Step5.Create Server application named HelloServer.java

HelloServer.java

import java.rmi.Naming;

public class HelloServer
{
  public static void main (String[] argv)
  {
  try {
  Naming.rebind("Hello", new Hello ("Hello,From Roseindia.net pvt ltd!"));
  System.out.println ("Server is connected and ready for operation.");
  }
  catch (Exception e) {
  System.out.println ("Server not connected: " + e);
  }
  }
}


Step6.Create Client application named HelloClient.java

HelloClient.java

import java.rmi.Naming;

public class HelloClient
{
  public static void main (String[] argv) {
  try {
HelloInterface hello =(HelloInterface)
 Naming.lookup ("//192.168.10.201/Hello");
  System.out.println (hello.say());
  }
  catch (Exception e){
  System.out.println ("HelloClient exception: " + e);}
  }
}

Step6.Compile both of the files.

Step7.Type "rmicregistry" on commandprompt and press ENTER.



Step8.Type java HelloServer in commandprompt and press ENTER.The following message will be displayed on console.

Console output will come
Server is connected and ready for operation.

Step9.Now,open another separate command terminal,and run the client application like shown in the figure given below:-

javac HelloClient.java
java  HelloClient
Hello, From RoseIndia.net pvt ltd.

Step10. If the message similar to the above appears in figure comes means that you have implemented your RMI application.

In short:
Write the service implementation class with methods that throw java.rmi
.RemoteException.
2 Create the service interface to extend java.rmi.Remote.
3 Run the RMI compiler (rmic) to produce client stub and server skeleton classes.
4 Start an RMI registry to host the services.
5 Register the service in the RMI registry.


RMI using SPRING:

Fortunately, Spring provides an easier way to publish RMI services. Instead of writing RMI-specific classes with methods that throw RemoteException, you simply write a POJO that performs the functionality of your service. Spring handles the rest.

For a typical Spring Application we need the following files:

1. An interface that defines the functions.
2. An Implementation that contains properties, its setter and getter methods, functions etc.
3. A XML file called Spring configuration file.
4. Client program that uses the function

Instead of generating a server skeleton and client stub using rmic and manually adding it to the RMI registry (as you would in conventional RMI), we’ll use Spring’s RmiServiceExporter.

RmiServiceExporter exports any Spring-managed bean as an RMI service. RmiServiceExporter works by wrapping the bean in an adapter class. The adapter class is then bound to the RMI registry and proxies requests to the service class.

<bean class="org.springframework.remoting.rmi.RmiServiceExporter">
        <property name="serviceName" value="employee-service"/>
        <property name="service" ref="employeeService"/>
        <property name="serviceInterface" value="rmi.common.EmployeeI"/>
        <property name="registryPort" value="1234"/>
</bean>

<bean id="employeeService" class="rmi.server.EmployeeImpl">
</bean>

public class Employee implements Serializable {
 private String name;
 private String address;

 public Employee(String name,String address){
  this.name = name;
  this.address = address;
 }

 // getters and setters
}


public interface EmployeeI {

 public void addEmployee(Employee employee);
 public void removeEmployee(Employee employee);
 public List<Employee> getEmployees();
   
}

public class EmployeeImpl implements EmployeeI{

    private List<Employee> employees = new ArrayList<Employee>();

    public void addEmployee(Employee employee) {
     employees.add(employee);
    }
   
    public void removeEmployee(Employee employee){
     employees.remove(employee);
    }

    public List<Employee> getEmployees() {
        return employees;
    }
}


Now to run the server side service you need Spring context initialization.


public class EmpServerDemo {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("rmi/server/rmi-server-context.xml");
 }
}


CLIENT SIDE

Now let us have a look at client side.

To link in the service on the client, we'll create a separate Spring container, containing the simple object and the service
linking configuration bits:


<beans>
    <bean id="employeeService" class="org.springframework.remoting.rmi.RmiProxyFactoryBean">
        <property name="serviceUrl" value="rmi://localhost:1234/employee-service"/>
        <property name="serviceInterface" value="rmi.common.EmployeeI"/>
    </bean>
</beans>


You can make client calls through the below code...

public class EmpClientDemo {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("rmi/client/rmi-client-context.xml");
  EmployeeI employee = (EmployeeI) ctx.getBean("employeeService");
  employee.addEmployee(new Employee("Prashant", "address1"));
  employee.addEmployee(new Employee("Sneha", "address2"));
  List<Employee> employees = employee.getEmployees();
  System.out.println("Total number of employees: " + employees.size());
  Iterator<Employee> it = employees.iterator();
  while (it.hasNext()) {
   Employee emp = (Employee) it.next();
   System.out.println(" " + emp);
  }
 }
}









 UnicastRemoteObject : This is the simplest way to ensure that objects of a class can be used as remote objects.


Saturday, October 6, 2012

Command Design Pattern using simple example


Command Design Pattern:

Detail : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command_pattern


Use strategy when you need to define a family of algorithms, encapsulate each one, and make them
interchangeable. Strategy lets the algorithm vary independently from clients that use it.


Strategy pattern are algorithms inside a class which can be interchanged depending on the class used.
This pattern is useful when you want to decide on run time which algorithm to be used.

Calculation.java

public interface Calculation {
int execute(int a, int b);
}

AddCalc.java
public class AddCalc implements Calculation{
@Override
public int execute(int a, int b) {
return a+b;
}
}

SubCalc.java
public class SubCalc implements Calculation{
@Override
public int execute(int a, int b) {
return a-b;
}
}


MultiCalc.java
public class MultiCalc implements Calculation{
@Override
public int execute(int a, int b) {
return a*b;
}
}

DivideCalc.java
public class DivideCalc implements Calculation{
@Override
public int execute(int a, int b) {
if(b==0) {return 0;}
return a/b;
}
}



Test.java
Map commands = new HashMap();
public Test(){
        commands.put("add", new AddCalc());
        commands.put("sub", new SubCalc());
        commands.put("multi", new MultiCalc());
        commands.put("div", new DivideCalc());
}

public int calc(int first,int second,String operation){
  Calcuation cal = commands.get(operation);
 return cal.execute(first,second);
}


Easy explanation for Strategy design pattern using simple arithmetic calcuation

Strategy Design Pattern:

Detail : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategy_pattern


Use strategy when you need to define a family of algorithms, encapsulate each one, and make them
interchangeable. Strategy lets the algorithm vary independently from clients that use it.


Strategy pattern are algorithms inside a class which can be interchanged depending on the class used.
This pattern is useful when you want to decide on run time which algorithm to be used.

Calculation.java

public interface Calculation {
int execute(int a, int b);
}

AddCalc.java
public class AddCalc implements Calculation{
@Override
public int execute(int a, int b) {
return a+b;
}
}

SubCalc.java
public class SubCalc implements Calculation{
@Override
public int execute(int a, int b) {
return a-b;
}
}


MultiCalc.java
public class MultiCalc implements Calculation{
@Override
public int execute(int a, int b) {
return a*b;
}
}

DivideCalc.java
public class DivideCalc implements Calculation{
@Override
public int execute(int a, int b) {
if(b==0) {return 0;}
return a/b;
}
}

MainStrategy.java
public class MainStrategy {
private Calculation calculation;
public MainStrategy(Calculation calculation){
this.calculation = calculation;
}

public int cal(int a,int b){
return calculation.execute(a, b);
}
}

Test.java
public int calculation(int first,int second,String operation){
MainStrategy mainStrategy = null;
if(operation.equals("add")){mainStrategy = new MainStrategy(new AddCalc());}
if(operation.equals("sub")){mainStrategy = new MainStrategy(new SubCalc());}
if(operation.equals("multi")){mainStrategy = new MainStrategy(new MultiCalc());}
if(operation.equals("div")){mainStrategy = new MainStrategy(new DivideCalc());}
return mainStrategy.cal(first, second);
}







Simple Ajax with JQuery

First I will write code with native Ajax then will write same code using Ajax.

The code below for add two number. There will be two text box on jps page and user has to enter first number and click on Add button then it will add first text box and second box number and will be showed to second text box. One clear button is also there to clear both text boxes.

Back side (Server side) will be came in both ways.

Pure (Native) Ajax:


var request;

function getRequest(){
      if(window.ActiveXObject){
        request = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); 
       }else if(window.XMLHttpRequest){
        request = new XMLHttpRequest(); 
      } 
    }

function addAction(){
 var first = document.getElementById("firstNumber").value;
 if(first==null||first==""){
alert("Please enter first number");
return null;
 }
 var second = document.getElementById("secondNumber").value;
 if(second==null||second==""){
second = 0;
 }
 calculation(first, second, "add");
}

function calculation(first, second, operation){
 getRequest();
 var url = "http://localhost:8080/Calculator/Calculator?first="+first+"&second="+second+"&operation="+operation;
 request.open("POST",url,false);
 request.onreadystatechange = showResult;
 request.send();
}

function calculation2(first, second, operation){
getRequest();
var url = "http://localhost:8080/Calculator/Calculator";
     request.open("POST",url,false);
request.onreadystatechange = showResult;
request.setRequestHeader("Content-type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
request.send("first="+first+"&second="+second+"&operation="+operation); // Why Null
 }

function showResult(){

if(request.readyState == 4){
        var result = request.responseText;
        document.getElementById("secondNumber").value = result;
   }

}
function clearInput(){
document.getElementById("firstNumber").value="";
document.getElementById("secondNumber").value="";
}



JQuery Ajax code:


$(document).ready(function(){ 
$('#clearButton').click(function(){
$('#firstNumber').val('');
$('#secondNumber').val('');
});

$('#addButton').click(function(){
var first = $('#firstNumber').val();
var second = $('#secondNumber').val();
if(first==""){
alert("Pleae enter first number");
return;
}
if(second==""){second=0;}

$.ajax({
   type: 'POST',
   url: 'http://localhost:8080/Calculator/Calculator',
   async: false,
   data: {
   first: first,
   second: second,
   operation: 'add'
    },
    success: getAjaxData
   
});

});

function getAjaxData(data){
 $('#secondNumber').val(data);
}

});


JSP Page Code:



<body>
It is simple Calculator
<br>
<input type="text" id="firstNumber"/>
<input type="button" id="addButton" value="Add" onclick="addAction()"/>
<input type="text" id="secondNumber" readonly="readonly"/>
<input type="button" id="clearButton" value="Clear" onclick="clearInput()"/>
</body>

Server side Code:


String first = request.getParameter("first");
String second = request.getParameter("second");
String operation = request.getParameter("operation");
logger.info("First Number :"+first);
logger.info("Second Number :"+second);
int result =  Integer.parseInt(first)+Integer.parseInt(second);
response.setContentType("text/html");
response.getWriter().write(result+"");

For Ajax using DOJO


Thursday, February 23, 2012

Struts2 example with Annotation. Struts 2 with annotation. First Struts 2 with annotation.


Struts2 First Example.


1. Create one Dynamic Project in Eclipse Say StrutsAnno
2. Put all these below jar file inside WEB-INF\lib folder
struts2-core-2.1.6.jar
xwork-2.1.2.jar
commons-logging-1.1.jar
freemarker-2.3.8.jar
ognl-2.6.11.jar
struts2-convention-plugin-2.1.6.jar

3. Change your web.xml (WEB-INF\web.xml) file as below:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<display-name>Struts2 First Example </display-name>
<filter>
   <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
   <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

</web-app>


There is no use of struts.xml if you use Annotation. :)

4. Create one package inside src folder say binod.suman
UserAction.java (StrutsAnno\src\binod\suman\UserAction.java)

package binod.suman;

import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Action;
import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Result;

public class WelcomeUserAction {
private String userName;
private String message;

@Action(value="/welcome",results={@Result(name="success",location="/successPage.jsp"),@Result(name="error",location="/error.jsp")})
public String execute() {
message = "Welcome " + userName + " !";
System.out.println("Message : "+message);
if(userName.equals("Binod")){
 return "success";
}else{return "error";}
}

public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}

public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}

public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}

public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
}


5. These below JSP page inside the WebContent
index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
        <title>Hello World</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <s:form action="welcome" >
            <s:textfield name="userName" label="User Name" />
            <s:submit />
        </s:form>
    </body>
</html>


error.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Some Error</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="mystyle.css" type="text/css" />
</head>
<body>
<h1>Error!</h1>
This error page is being shown because any of following reasons:
<ul class="boldred">
<li>Field(s) left blank.</li>
<li>Invalid Data Entered.(For example: String in place of Integer.)</li>
</ul>

<h1> You have entered <font color="red"> <b><s:property value="userName"/></b> </font> but you should suppose to enter <b>Binod</b> </h1>
</body>
</html>


successPage.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Welcome User</title>
</head>
<body>
<b><s:property value="message"/></b>.
</body>
</html>


Only one web.xml, one java class and some jsp pages.

http://localhost:8080/StrutsAnno/

Put UserName Binod
Output:
Welcome Binod !.

That's it ............... :)

Thanks,

Binod Suman






First Example on Struts2, Struts2 Tutorial, Struts2 Easy Example


Why Struts2.


First Example on Struts2:

1. Create one Dynamic Project in Eclipse Say Struts2
2. Put all these below jar file inside WEB-INF\lib folder
struts2-core-2.0.6.jar
xwork-2.0.1.jar
commons-logging-1.1.jar
freemarker-2.3.8.jar
ognl-2.6.11.jar

3. Change your web.xml (WEB-INF\web.xml) file as below:
web.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<display-name>Struts2 First Example </display-name>
<filter>
   <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
   <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

</web-app>



4. In Struts2/src folder, put these two file:
ClientAction.java

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class ClientAction extends ActionSupport{

String name;

public String getName(){
return name;
}

public void setName(String name){
this.name = name;
}

public String execute() throws Exception{
if(getName().equals("")){
      return ERROR;
        }
else{
return SUCCESS;
}
}

}



struts.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
  <include file="struts-default.xml"/>
  <package name="default" extends="struts-default">

<action name="clientAction" class="ClientAction">
<result name="success">/client.jsp</result>
<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
<result name="input">/error.jsp</result>
</action>


   </package>
</struts>


5. Write some jsp file inside Struts2\WebContent
index.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<html>
<body>
  <s:form action="clientAction" method="post">
      <s:textfield label="Name" name="name"/>
    <s:submit/>
  </s:form>
 
  </body>
</html>


client.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<html>
<body>
Thank you! <b><s:property value="name"/></b>.
<br><br>
</body>
</html>


error.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Some Error</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="mystyle.css" type="text/css" />
</head>
<body>
<h1>Error!</h1>
This error page is being shown because any of following reasons:
<ul class="boldred">
<li>Field(s) left blank.</li>
<li>Invalid Data Entered.(For example: String in place of Integer.)</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>


That's it .........

Add any application Server inside the Eclipse and run .....
If you are getting some error that might be for update code.
So, In Eclipse bottom tab one Server tab is there -> locate your application server -> then right click on Struts1 (Project) -> click on "Clean Module Work Directory".


Now go to internet explorer and type URL:

http://localhost:8080/Struts2

and type your name in text box, you should suppose to get output like this

Thank you! Your Name.

Thanks,

Binod Suman





Struts2 why more powerful than Struts1. Struts2 Vs Struts1 . Compare between Struts1 and Struts2


STRUTS2 = STRUTS1 + Interceptor (=XWork) + OGNL - FormBean

1. Easy web.xml

STRUTS1:


<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
   <param-name>config</param-name>
   <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
 
STRUTS2:

<filter>
<filter-name>webwork</filter-name>
<filter-class>
   org.apache.struts.action2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher
</filter-class>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>webwork</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>


No struts-config.xml inside WEB-INF folder.

2. Easy Action Class.

STRUTS1:
public class MyAction extends Action {
    public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping,
                                 ActionForm form,
                                 HttpServletRequest request,
                                 HttpServletResponse response)
            throws Exception {
        // do the work
        return (mapping.findForward("success"));
    }
}

All actions have to be thread-safe, as only a single action instance is created.
Struts 1 Actions are singletons and must be thread-safe since there will only be one instance of a class to handle all requests for that Action.
Because the actions have to be thread-safe, all the objects that may be needed in the processing of the action are passed in the method signature.

STRUTS2:
Struts 2 Action objects are instantiated for each request, so there are no thread-safety issues.
public class MyAction {
   public String execute() throws Exception {
        // do the work
        return "success";
   }
}

Here no need to extends other class and no need to pass every thing in execute method.

If you want to use any session or request ro response object then use xxxxAware, example:
public class MyAction implements ServletRequestAware {
   private HttpServletRequest request;
   public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
        this.request = request;
   }
   public String execute() throws Exception {
        // do the work using the request
        return Action.SUCCESS;
   }
}

3. No Action From

STRUTS1:
Struts 1 uses an ActionForm object to capture input. Like Actions, all ActionForms must extend a base class. Since  other JavaBeans cannot be used as ActionForms, developers often create redundant classes to capture input. DynaBeans can used as an alternative to creating conventional ActionForm classes, but, here too, developers may be redescribing existing JavaBeans.

STRUTS2:
All data of ActionForm will do here in action class, so need to create one more class.The Action properties can be accessed from the web page via the taglibs.

4. Advanced Expression Language:

STRUTS1:
Struts 1 integrates with JSTL, so it uses the JSTL EL. The EL has basic object graph traversal, but relatively weak collection and indexed property support.

STRUTS2:
Struts 2 can use JSTL, but the framework also supports a more powerful and flexible expression language called "Object Graph Notation Language" (OGNL).

5. Easy Validation

STRUTS1:
Struts 1 supports manual validation via a validate method on the ActionForm, or through an extension to the Commons Validator.

STRUTS2:
Struts 2 supports manual validation via the validate method and the XWork Validation framework. The Xwork Validation Framework supports chaining validation into sub-properties using the validations defined for the properties class type and the validation context.

Content Source.
Another Source.

Thanks,

Binod Suman




Wednesday, February 22, 2012

Java Random number generation of 4 digits



import java.util.Random;

System.out.println("***** Generating Random Number of 4 digit *****");
Random random = new Random();
for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
    long fraction = (long)(1000 * random.nextDouble());
    int PIN= (int)(fraction + 1000);
    System.out.println(PIN);
 }